Key Equations

Equation of state for a closed system	$f(p,V,T)=0$
Net work for a finite change in volume	$W={\displaystyle {\int }_{V_1}^{V_2}pdV}$
Internal energy of a system (average total energy)	$E_{\text{int}}={\displaystyle \sum _i({\overline{K}}_i+{\overline{U}}_i)},$
Internal energy of a monatomic ideal gas	$E_{\text{int}}=n{N}_{\text{A}}\left(\frac{3}{2}{k}_{\text{B}}T\right)=\frac{3}{2}nRT$
First law of thermodynamics	$\text{Δ}{E}_{\text{int}}=Q-W$
Molar heat capacity at constant pressure	$C_p=C_V+R$
Ratio of molar heat capacities	$\gamma =C_p\text{/}{C}_V$
Condition for an ideal gas in a quasi-static adiabatic process	$p{V}^{\gamma }=\text{constant}$