Index

A

absolute pressure 14.2 Measuring Pressure

acceleration due to gravity 3.5 Free Fall

acceleration vector 4.2 Acceleration Vector

accuracy 1.6 Significant Figures

action-at-a-distance force 13.7 Einstein's Theory of Gravity

air resistance 3.5 Free Fall

airbag 9.2 Impulse and Collisions

amplitude 16.1 Traveling Waves

amplitude (A) 15.1 Simple Harmonic Motion

Andromeda galaxy 13.1 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

angle between two vectors 2.4 Products of Vectors

angular acceleration 10.1 Rotational Variables

angular frequency 4.4 Uniform and Nonuniform Circular Motion, 16.2 Mathematics of Waves

angular momentum 11.2 Angular Momentum

angular position 10.1 Rotational Variables

angular velocity 10.1 Rotational Variables

anticommutative property 2.4 Products of Vectors

antinode 16.6 Standing Waves and Resonance

antiparallel 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

aphelion 13.5 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion

apparent weight 13.2 Gravitation Near Earth's Surface

Archimedes 14.4 Archimedes’ Principle and Buoyancy

Archimedes’ principle 14.4 Archimedes’ Principle and Buoyancy

artificial joint 6.2 Friction

associative 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

atmospheric pressure 14.1 Fluids, Density, and Pressure, 14.2 Measuring Pressure

Atwood machine 6.1 Solving Problems with Newton’s Laws

average acceleration 3.3 Average and Instantaneous Acceleration

average power 7.4 Power

average speed 3.2 Instantaneous Velocity and Speed

average velocity 3.1 Position, Displacement, and Average Velocity

B

banked curve 6.3 Centripetal Force

bar graphs of total energy 8.3 Conservation of Energy

barometer 14.2 Measuring Pressure

Barringer Crater 9.2 Impulse and Collisions

base quantities 1.2 Units and Standards

base unit 1.2 Units and Standards

beat frequency 17.6 Beats

beats 17.6 Beats

Bell 17.3 Sound Intensity

Bernoulli 14.6 Bernoulli’s Equation

Bernoulli’s equation 14.6 Bernoulli’s Equation

Bernoulli’s principle 14.6 Bernoulli’s Equation

black hole 13.7 Einstein's Theory of Gravity

boomerang 10.4 Moment of Inertia and Rotational Kinetic Energy

bow wake 17.8 Shock Waves

Brahe 13.1 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

Brownian motion 4.1 Displacement and Velocity Vectors

bulk modulus 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus, 17.3 Sound Intensity

bulk strain 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus

bulk stress 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus

bungee cord 7 Problems

bungee jumper 8.1 Potential Energy of a System

buoyant force 14.4 Archimedes’ Principle and Buoyancy

C

Cavendish 13.1 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

center of gravity 12.1 Conditions for Static Equilibrium

center of mass 9.6 Center of Mass

centrifugal force 6.3 Centripetal Force

centrifuge 6.3 Centripetal Force

centripetal acceleration 4.4 Uniform and Nonuniform Circular Motion, 6.3 Centripetal Force, 10.3 Relating Angular and Translational Quantities

centripetal force 6.3 Centripetal Force

Cerenkov radiation 17.8 Shock Waves

chemical energy 8.5 Sources of Energy

closed system 9.3 Conservation of Linear Momentum

coefficient of kinetic friction 6.2 Friction

coefficient of static friction 6.2 Friction

coefficient of viscosity 14.7 Viscosity and Turbulence

commutative 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

compressibility 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus

compressions 17.1 Sound Waves

compressive stress 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus

conservative force 8.2 Conservative and Non-Conservative Forces

conserved quantity 8.3 Conservation of Energy

constructive interference 16.5 Interference of Waves

contact forces 5.1 Forces

conversion factor 1.3 Unit Conversion

coordinate system 2.2 Coordinate Systems and Components of a Vector

Copernicus 13.1 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

Coriolis force 6.3 Centripetal Force

corkscrew right-hand rule 2.4 Products of Vectors

critically damped 15.5 Damped Oscillations

cross product 2.4 Products of Vectors

Curie 1.1 The Scope and Scale of Physics

D

damped harmonic motion 15.5 Damped Oscillations

dark matter 13.7 Einstein's Theory of Gravity

decibels 17.3 Sound Intensity

deformation 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus

density 14.1 Fluids, Density, and Pressure

derived quantity 1.2 Units and Standards

derived units 1.2 Units and Standards

destructive interference 16.5 Interference of Waves

deuteron 9.4 Types of Collisions

difference of two vectors 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

dimension 1.4 Dimensional Analysis

dimensionally consistent 1.4 Dimensional Analysis

dimensionless 1.4 Dimensional Analysis

direction angle 2.2 Coordinate Systems and Components of a Vector

discrepancy 1.6 Significant Figures

displacement 2.1 Scalars and Vectors, 3.1 Position, Displacement, and Average Velocity

displacement vector 4.1 Displacement and Velocity Vectors

distance traveled 3.1 Position, Displacement, and Average Velocity

distributive 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

Doppler effect 17.7 The Doppler Effect

Doppler shift 17.7 The Doppler Effect

dot product 2.4 Products of Vectors

drag coefficient 6.4 Drag Force and Terminal Speed

drag force 6.1 Solving Problems with Newton’s Laws, 6.4 Drag Force and Terminal Speed

dynamics 5.1 Forces

E

Einstein 13.7 Einstein's Theory of Gravity

elapsed time 3.1 Position, Displacement, and Average Velocity

elastic 9.4 Types of Collisions, 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus, 12.4 Elasticity and Plasticity

elastic limit 12.4 Elasticity and Plasticity

elastic potential energy 8.1 Potential Energy of a System, 15.2 Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion

elastic property 17.2 Speed of Sound

Electrical energy 8.5 Sources of Energy

Electromagnetic waves 16.1 Traveling Waves

elevator 6.1 Solving Problems with Newton’s Laws

energy conservation 8.3 Conservation of Energy

English units 1.2 Units and Standards

entrainment 14.6 Bernoulli’s Equation

equal vectors 2.3 Algebra of Vectors

equation of continuity 14.5 Fluid Dynamics

equilibrium 5.2 Newton's First Law, 12.1 Conditions for Static Equilibrium

equilibrium point 8.4 Potential Energy Diagrams and Stability

equilibrium position 15.1 Simple Harmonic Motion

escape velocity 13.3 Gravitational Potential Energy and Total Energy

estimation 1.5 Estimates and Fermi Calculations

event horizon 13.7 Einstein's Theory of Gravity

exact differential 8.2 Conservative and Non-Conservative Forces

explosion 9.4 Types of Collisions

external force 5.1 Forces, 9.6 Center of Mass

F

Fermi 1.1 The Scope and Scale of Physics

fictitious forces 5.6 Common Forces

field forces 5.1 Forces

fixed boundary condition 16.5 Interference of Waves

flow rate 14.5 Fluid Dynamics

fluids 14.1 Fluids, Density, and Pressure

flywheel 10.4 Moment of Inertia and Rotational Kinetic Energy

force 5.1 Forces

force constant (k) 15.1 Simple Harmonic Motion

fossil fuels 8.5 Sources of Energy

frame of reference 3.1 Position, Displacement, and Average Velocity

free boundary condition 16.5 Interference of Waves

free fall 3.5 Free Fall, 5.4 Mass and Weight

free-body diagram 5.1 Forces, 6.1 Solving Problems with Newton’s Laws

frequency 17.2 Speed of Sound

frequency (f) 15.1 Simple Harmonic Motion

friction 6.2 Friction

fundamental 17.4 Normal Modes of a Standing Sound Wave

fundamental frequency 16.6 Standing Waves and Resonance

G

Galileo 3.5 Free Fall, 13.1 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

Gases 14.1 Fluids, Density, and Pressure

gauge pressure 14.2 Measuring Pressure

Geiger 9.4 Types of Collisions

geosynchronous 13 Problems

geothermal 8.5 Sources of Energy

gravitational field 13.2 Gravitation Near Earth's Surface

gravitational potential energy 8.1 Potential Energy of a System

gravitational torque 12.1 Conditions for Static Equilibrium

gravitationally bound 13.3 Gravitational Potential Energy and Total Energy

gyroscope 11.4 Precession of a Gyroscope

H

Halley 13.5 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion

Halley’s comet 13.5 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion

harmonics 17.4 Normal Modes of a Standing Sound Wave

Hearing 17.1 Sound Waves

helicopter 10.4 Moment of Inertia and Rotational Kinetic Energy

heterogeneous substance 14.1 Fluids, Density, and Pressure

Hohmann transfer 13.5 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion

homogeneous substance 14.1 Fluids, Density, and Pressure

Hooke’s law 7.1 Work, 15.1 Simple Harmonic Motion

hydraulic jack 14.3 Pascal's Principle and Hydraulics

hydraulics 14.3 Pascal's Principle and Hydraulics

Hydropower 8.5 Sources of Energy

hydrostatic equilibrium 14.3 Pascal's Principle and Hydraulics

I

I-beams 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus

ideal banking 6.3 Centripetal Force

ideal fluid 14.5 Fluid Dynamics

impulse 9.2 Impulse and Collisions

impulse-momentum theorem 9.2 Impulse and Collisions

inclined plane 6.2 Friction

inelastic 9.4 Types of Collisions

inertia 5.2 Newton's First Law

inertial force 6.3 Centripetal Force

inertial property 17.2 Speed of Sound

inertial reference frame 5.2 Newton's First Law

instantaneous acceleration 3.3 Average and Instantaneous Acceleration

instantaneous angular acceleration 10.1 Rotational Variables

instantaneous angular velocity 10.1 Rotational Variables

instantaneous power 7.4 Power

instantaneous speed 3.2 Instantaneous Velocity and Speed

instantaneous velocity 3.2 Instantaneous Velocity and Speed

intensity (I) 16.4 Energy and Power of a Wave

interference 16.5 Interference of Waves

internal force 9.6 Center of Mass

International Space Station 13.2 Gravitation Near Earth's Surface, 13.4 Satellite Orbits and Energy

Io 13.6 Tidal Forces

iPhone 9.2 Impulse and Collisions

J

joule 7.1 Work

K

Kepler 13.1 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

Kepler’s first law 13.5 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion

Kepler’s second law 13.5 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion

Kepler’s third law 13.5 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion

kilogram 1.2 Units and Standards

kinematics Introduction, 6.1 Solving Problems with Newton’s Laws

kinematics of rotational motion 10.2 Rotation with Constant Angular Acceleration

kinetic energy 7.2 Kinetic Energy

kinetic friction 6.2 Friction

L

laminar flow 14.5 Fluid Dynamics

law 1.1 The Scope and Scale of Physics

law of conservation of angular momentum 11.3 Conservation of Angular Momentum

Law of Conservation of Momentum 9.3 Conservation of Linear Momentum

law of inertia 5.2 Newton's First Law

Lennard-Jones 6-12 potential 15.2 Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion

lever arm 10.6 Torque

limit 12.4 Elasticity and Plasticity

linear mass density 9.6 Center of Mass, 10.5 Calculating Moments of Inertia

linear wave equation 16.2 Mathematics of Waves

Liquids 14.1 Fluids, Density, and Pressure

longitudinal wave 16.1 Traveling Waves

loop-the-loop 7.3 Work-Energy Theorem

loudness 17.3 Sound Intensity

M

Mach number 17.8 Shock Waves

magnitude 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

manometer 14.2 Measuring Pressure

Mars Climate Orbiter 1.3 Unit Conversion

Marsden 9.4 Types of Collisions

mass flow rate 14.5 Fluid Dynamics

Matter waves 16.1 Traveling Waves

mechanical energy 8.3 Conservation of Energy

mechanical wave 16.1 Traveling Waves

medium 16.1 Traveling Waves

meter 1.2 Units and Standards

method of adding percents 1.6 Significant Figures

metric system 1.2 Units and Standards

Milky Way 1.1 The Scope and Scale of Physics, 13.1 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

model 1.1 The Scope and Scale of Physics

modulus 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus

Molniya orbit 11 Problems

moment of inertia 10.4 Moment of Inertia and Rotational Kinetic Energy

momentum 5.3 Newton's Second Law, 9.1 Linear Momentum

N

natural angular frequency 15.5 Damped Oscillations

neap tide 13.6 Tidal Forces

net external force 5.1 Forces

net work 7.3 Work-Energy Theorem

neutron star 13.7 Einstein's Theory of Gravity

Newton 5.1 Forces, 5.1 Forces, 13.1 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

Newton’s first law 5.2 Newton's First Law

Newton’s laws of motion 6.1 Solving Problems with Newton’s Laws

Newton’s second law 5.3 Newton's Second Law

Newton’s second law for rotation 10.7 Newton’s Second Law for Rotation

Newton’s third law 5.5 Newton’s Third Law

node 16.6 Standing Waves and Resonance

noise reduction 17.4 Normal Modes of a Standing Sound Wave

Non-conservative forces 8.2 Conservative and Non-Conservative Forces

Non-Euclidean geometry 13.7 Einstein's Theory of Gravity

non-renewable 8.5 Sources of Energy

noninertial frame of reference 6.3 Centripetal Force

normal force 5.6 Common Forces, 6.1 Solving Problems with Newton’s Laws

normal mode 16.6 Standing Waves and Resonance

normal pressure 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus

notes 17.3 Sound Intensity

Nuclear energy 8.5 Sources of Energy

null vector 2.3 Algebra of Vectors

O

orbital period 13.4 Satellite Orbits and Energy

orbital speed 13.4 Satellite Orbits and Energy

order of magnitude 1.1 The Scope and Scale of Physics

orthogonal vectors 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

oscillation 15.1 Simple Harmonic Motion

overdamped 15.5 Damped Oscillations

overtone 16.6 Standing Waves and Resonance

overtones 17.4 Normal Modes of a Standing Sound Wave

P

parallel axis 10.5 Calculating Moments of Inertia

parallel vectors 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

parallel-axis theorem 10.5 Calculating Moments of Inertia

particle acceleration 6.1 Solving Problems with Newton’s Laws

particle equilibrium 6.1 Solving Problems with Newton’s Laws

pascal 14.2 Measuring Pressure

Pascal’s principle 14.3 Pascal's Principle and Hydraulics

pendulum bob 15.4 Pendulums

percent uncertainty 1.6 Significant Figures

perfectly inelastic 9.4 Types of Collisions

perihelion 13.5 Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion

period (T) 15.1 Simple Harmonic Motion

periodic driving force 15.6 Forced Oscillations

periodic motion 15.1 Simple Harmonic Motion

phase of the wave 16.2 Mathematics of Waves

phase shift 15.1 Simple Harmonic Motion, 16.5 Interference of Waves

phases of matter 14.1 Fluids, Density, and Pressure

Philae 9.3 Conservation of Linear Momentum

phon 17.3 Sound Intensity

physical pendulum 15.4 Pendulums

physical quantity 1.2 Units and Standards

physics 1.1 The Scope and Scale of Physics

pitch 17.3 Sound Intensity

pivot point 12.1 Conditions for Static Equilibrium

plasma 14.1 Fluids, Density, and Pressure

plastic behavior 12.4 Elasticity and Plasticity

Poiseuille 14.7 Viscosity and Turbulence

Poiseuille’s law 14.7 Viscosity and Turbulence

Poiseuille’s law for resistance 14.7 Viscosity and Turbulence

polar coordinate system 2.2 Coordinate Systems and Components of a Vector

polar coordinates 2.2 Coordinate Systems and Components of a Vector

position 3.1 Position, Displacement, and Average Velocity

position vector 4.1 Displacement and Velocity Vectors

potential energy 8.1 Potential Energy of a System

potential energy diagram 8.4 Potential Energy Diagrams and Stability

potential energy difference 8.1 Potential Energy of a System

power 7.4 Power

power of a mechanical wave 16.4 Energy and Power of a Wave

Prandtl tube 14.6 Bernoulli’s Equation

precession 11.4 Precession of a Gyroscope

precision 1.6 Significant Figures

pressure 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus, 14.1 Fluids, Density, and Pressure

principle of equivalence 13.7 Einstein's Theory of Gravity

principle of superposition. 16.2 Mathematics of Waves

projectile motion 4.3 Projectile Motion

proportionality 12.4 Elasticity and Plasticity

Ptolemy 13.1 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

pulsar 11 Problems

pulse 16.2 Mathematics of Waves

R

radial coordinate 2.2 Coordinate Systems and Components of a Vector

radiant energy 8.5 Sources of Energy

range 4.3 Projectile Motion

rarefactions 17.1 Sound Waves

red shift 17.7 The Doppler Effect

reference frame 4.5 Relative Motion in One and Two Dimensions

relative velocity 4.5 Relative Motion in One and Two Dimensions

renewable 8.5 Sources of Energy

resonance 15.6 Forced Oscillations, 16.6 Standing Waves and Resonance, 16.6 Standing Waves and Resonance, 17.4 Normal Modes of a Standing Sound Wave

resonant cavities 17.5 Sources of Musical Sound

restoring force 5.1 Forces, 15.2 Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion

resultant vector 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

Reynolds number 14.7 Viscosity and Turbulence

right-hand rule 10.1 Rotational Variables

rigid body Introduction

rocket equation 9.7 Rocket Propulsion

rolling motion 11.1 Rolling Motion

rotational dynamics 10.7 Newton’s Second Law for Rotation

rotational kinetic energy 10.4 Moment of Inertia and Rotational Kinetic Energy

rotational work 10.8 Work and Power for Rotational Motion

Rutherford 9.4 Types of Collisions

S

scalar 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

scalar component 2.2 Coordinate Systems and Components of a Vector

scalar equation 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

scalar product 2.4 Products of Vectors

scalar quantity 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

Schwarzschild 13.7 Einstein's Theory of Gravity

Schwarzschild radius 13.7 Einstein's Theory of Gravity

seatbelt 9.2 Impulse and Collisions

second 1.2 Units and Standards

Seismic waves 17.2 Speed of Sound

shear 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus

shear modulus 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus

shear stress 6.2 Friction, 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus

shock wave 17.8 Shock Waves

SI units 1.2 Units and Standards

significant figures 1.6 Significant Figures

simple harmonic motion (SHM) 15.1 Simple Harmonic Motion

simple harmonic oscillator 15.1 Simple Harmonic Motion, 15.2 Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion

simple pendulum 15.4 Pendulums

solar power 8.5 Sources of Energy

solids 14.1 Fluids, Density, and Pressure

sonic boom 17.8 Shock Waves

sound 17.1 Sound Waves

sound intensity level 17.3 Sound Intensity

sound pressure level 17.3 Sound Intensity

space-time 13.7 Einstein's Theory of Gravity

specific gravity 14.1 Fluids, Density, and Pressure

spring tide 13.6 Tidal Forces

Stability 15.2 Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion

stable equilibrium point 15.2 Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion

standing wave 16.6 Standing Waves and Resonance

standing waves 17.4 Normal Modes of a Standing Sound Wave

static equilibrium 12.1 Conditions for Static Equilibrium

static fluid 14.1 Fluids, Density, and Pressure

static friction 6.2 Friction

strain 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus, 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus

stress-strain diagram 12.4 Elasticity and Plasticity

superposition 16.5 Interference of Waves

surface mass density 10.5 Calculating Moments of Inertia

system 9.3 Conservation of Linear Momentum

T

tail-to-head geometric construction 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

tangential acceleration 4.4 Uniform and Nonuniform Circular Motion, 10.3 Relating Angular and Translational Quantities

tangential velocity 15.3 Comparing Simple Harmonic Motion and Circular Motion

tensile strain 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus

tensile stress 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus

tension 5.6 Common Forces

terminal velocity 6.4 Drag Force and Terminal Speed

the component form of a vector 2.2 Coordinate Systems and Components of a Vector

the parallelogram rule 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

theory 1.1 The Scope and Scale of Physics

theory of general relativity 13.7 Einstein's Theory of Gravity

thermal energy 8.5 Sources of Energy

thrust 5.5 Newton’s Third Law

tidal force 13.6 Tidal Forces

timbre 17.3 Sound Intensity

time of flight 4.3 Projectile Motion

torque 10.6 Torque

torr, 14.2 Measuring Pressure

Torricelli 14.2 Measuring Pressure

torsion constant 15.4 Pendulums

torsional pendulum 15.4 Pendulums

total acceleration 4.4 Uniform and Nonuniform Circular Motion

total displacement 3.1 Position, Displacement, and Average Velocity

total linear acceleration 10.3 Relating Angular and Translational Quantities

trajectory 4.3 Projectile Motion, 4.3 Projectile Motion

transducer 17.3 Sound Intensity

transverse wave 16.1 Traveling Waves

tubes with anti-symmetrical boundary conditions 17.5 Sources of Musical Sound

tubes with symmetrical boundary conditions 17.5 Sources of Musical Sound

tuned-mass damper Introduction

tuning fork 17.4 Normal Modes of a Standing Sound Wave

turbulence 14.7 Viscosity and Turbulence

turbulent flow 14.5 Fluid Dynamics

turning point 8.4 Potential Energy Diagrams and Stability

turning points 15.2 Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion

tweeter 17.2 Speed of Sound

two-body pursuit problem 3.4 Motion with Constant Acceleration

two-body pursuit problems 3.4 Motion with Constant Acceleration

U

ultimate stress 12.4 Elasticity and Plasticity

uncertainty 1.6 Significant Figures

underdamped 15.5 Damped Oscillations

uniform circular motion 15.3 Comparing Simple Harmonic Motion and Circular Motion

unit vector 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

Unit vectors of the axes 2.2 Coordinate Systems and Components of a Vector

units 1.2 Units and Standards

universal gravitational constant 13.1 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

V

vector components 2.2 Coordinate Systems and Components of a Vector

vector equation 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

vector product 2.4 Products of Vectors

vector quantities 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

vector sum 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

vectors 2.1 Scalars and Vectors

velocity vector 4.1 Displacement and Velocity Vectors

Venturi 14 Conceptual Questions

viscosity 14.5 Fluid Dynamics

volume strain 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus

volume stress 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus

W

wave 16.1 Traveling Waves

wave function 16.2 Mathematics of Waves

wave number 16.2 Mathematics of Waves

wave speed 16.1 Traveling Waves

wave velocity 16.1 Traveling Waves

wavelength 16.1 Traveling Waves, 17.2 Speed of Sound

weight 5.4 Mass and Weight

Wheeler 13.7 Einstein's Theory of Gravity

Whirlpool Galaxy 1.1 The Scope and Scale of Physics

Wind power 8.5 Sources of Energy

wind tunnel 6.4 Drag Force and Terminal Speed

woofer 17.2 Speed of Sound

work 7.1 Work

work-energy theorem 7.3 Work-Energy Theorem

Y

Young’s modulus 12.3 Stress, Strain, and Elastic Modulus, 17.2 Speed of Sound